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Circular economy could slash up to 231 million tonnes of CO₂ from heavy industry per year

Green transition

08 October 2025

Circular economy could slash up to 231 million tonnes of CO₂ from heavy industry per year

Green transition

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Packs of plastics

Circular economy could slash up to 231 million tonnes of CO₂ from heavy industry per year.

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Joint Research Center

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Circular economy measures could significantly contribute to abating greenhouse gas emissions in energy-intensive industries, such as steel, aluminium, cement and concrete, and plastics — sectors that currently account for nearly 15% of the European Union’s total emissions. Moreover, integrating circularity measures in these industries would improve the EU’s energy and economic security by reducing import dependency. 
Circularity measures could cut emissions significantly

A new JRC report shows how circular economy practices would contribute to substantially reducing greenhouse gas emissions in sectors such as plastics, steel, aluminium, cement and concrete. Improved materials management, including reduction, reuse and recovery measures, could help EU industry reduce between 189 and 231 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalent per year. Circularity measures could be particularly effective in reducing emissions in the steel sector (by 64 to 81 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalent per year) and the plastics sector (75 to 84 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalent per year).

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