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Estonian national park turns Cold War military ruins into a heritage attraction

Best practices

23 September 2026

Estonian national park turns Cold War military ruins into a heritage attraction

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The photo presents a weathered concrete bunker among grassy sand dunes beside the sea, with two people and a dog walking along the beach.

Lahemaa National Park in Estonia has transformed abandoned Soviet-era military sites, including a former submarine base, into a heritage tourism attraction that draws nearly 15,000 visitors a year. The initiative has also helped extend the tourist season and ease pressure on the park's most crowded hiking trails.

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Editorial team

Related Organisation(s)

Lahemaa Tourism Association

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Geographical descriptors

Estonia

Organisation Type

Destination Management & Marketing Organisations

Local Authorities

National authorities

NGOs / Non-profits

  • Specific types of tourism

    • Adventure tourism

    • Cultural tourism

    • Ecotourism

  • Transition Pathway Strategic Areas

    • Best practices, peer learning and networking

    • Changes in tourism demand and opportunities

    • Governance of tourism destinations

  • Business activities

    • Activities of associations and other organisations supporting tourism

    • Operation of historical sites

    • Other accommodation

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Lahemaa National Park in Estonia won 3rd place in the Culture & Tradition category at the Green Destinations Top 100 Story Awards 2026 for transforming abandoned Soviet-era military sites, including the Hara submarine base, into a heritage tourism attraction. Working with a private investor and heritage authorities, the park cleared hazardous waste, stabilised structures, and added guided tours while training former residents as local storytellers, and the site now draws nearly 15,000 visitors a year and supports 35 seasonal jobs.

Beyond the tourism numbers, the initiative has helped extend the season into spring and autumn and eased pressure on the park's most crowded hiking trails by rerouting some routes to connect with the new heritage sites. The park has since earned the European Charter for Sustainable Tourism in Protected Areas certificate and reached platinum level under the Green Destinations criteria.

#CulturalPreservation #DestinationManagement 

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