The 2023 PREDICT Twin Transition Dataset is a comprehensive tool designed to measure and analyse the progress of the twin transition—comprising both digital and green transformations—across a wide range of industries. With a strong emphasis on research and development (R&D) indicators, the dataset captures how sectors are evolving in response to environmental sustainability and digitalisation imperatives. By evaluating key metrics, the dataset provides a clear picture of how different industries are embracing innovation and adapting to structural changes driven by EU policy goals. This is vital for assessing the current state of the twin transition and identifying gaps or opportunities for further investment and policy support. The dataset equips policymakers, researchers, and stakeholders with the evidence needed to guide strategic planning, monitor transition pathways, and support initiatives that enhance both digital capabilities and sustainability. It plays a critical role in benchmarking sectoral readiness, informing policy design, and contributing to the EU’s broader objectives for sustainable economic growth and competitiveness.