In 2024 the Ecodesign for Sustainable Products Regulation (ESPR) entered into force, introducing the Digital Product Passport (DPP), a digital identity card for products, components and materials. The regulation requires  selected product groups placed into the EU market to feature a DPP to enhance transparency across product value chains by providing comprehensive information about each product’s origin, materials, environmental impact, and disposal recommendations. The responsibility for providing such information is on the economic operators who place the product in the EU market; therefore, retailers are responsible for it if they also act as economic operators. 

The DPP is designed to close the gap between consumer demands for transparency and the current lack of reliable product data. Depending on the product group, DPPs will include essential details such as a unique product identifier, relevant circularity information, and in certain cases compliance documentation. They may also provide user manuals, safety instructions, and guidance on product disposal. The exact nature of this information will be defined in product-specific legislation.

By offering a detailed digital record of a product’s lifecycle, the DPP enhances supply chain management, supports regulatory compliance, and helps companies identify and mitigate risks related to authenticity and environmental impact. The DPP’s implementation aligns closely with open data principles. By making detailed product information publicly available, the DPP supports open data initiatives that emphasise transparency and accessibility. This approach not only improves product visibility and sustainability practices but also facilitates better data sharing and collaboration across the industry. Open data’s role in this context highlights the importance of accessible, standardised information in driving transparency and accountability. 

In conclusion, the Digital Product Passport represents a significant advance in product transparency and sustainability that improve the value proposition of products sold by retailers as well. As the EU moves towards a broader introduction of DPPs starting with certain types of large batteries as of February 2027, it will foster a more open and responsible marketplace. By integrating open data principles, the DPP will enhance both the visibility and integrity of product information, benefiting companies, consumers, and the environment alike.